When we move from classical/Newtonian Physics to the 'bizarre' Quantum Physics things and more importantly human's thoughts and our beliefs about the world around us not just change. They get destroyed! and this is the reason the Quantum theory remained unaccepted for years.
There are a lot of weird things going on in there which we will explain in our blog series topic wise and this is our first topic. So let's get started with entanglement.
German Physicist Albert Einstein found entanglement to be senseless and called it "Spooky Action At A Distance" even though it had originated from his own EPR(Einstein Podolskey Rosen) paradox that he had authored in collaboration with Podolskey and Rosen. Entanglement is real but it is not easy to believe in its existence.
To understand it Let's take the example of a pair of dice with two colors let us say Yellow and green. We all know that it is impossible to tell which color would appear once we throw them. Yet there is a 50%Probability/chance that either yellow will show up or green will show up. Right? Now imagine that the two dice that we took are interdependent. If 1 shows yellow then the other has no option but to show green. There is no wire between them. It is just that they behave strangely even if you take one to mars or the end of the universe. There are just no bounds to this connection. This is what Einstein found spooky. But what does this have to do with particles?
Now let's replace the pair of dice with particles. They were once part of a single atom where they communicated by releasing 1 quanta of light energy to send a photon but then were separated from each other as the atom traded one of them with another atom. Even though they were separated they were connected, they were somehow communicating in a sense. THIS IS ENTANGLEMENT. If something happens to one electron its effect is always seen on the other no matter what the distance is but Einstein wasn't satisfied. So he came up with his version
of entanglement.
In this version, they do not have a mysterious connection between them. They are not like that pair of dice but a pair of gloves in which left-handed is left and right-handed is right and they would remain the same no matter where you take them.
Even though Einstein's version seems more logical the dice version is perfect and true as far as we know.
One fine day Japanese physicist-Hideki Yukawa came up with an explanation to this that had a strong mathematical base and that not only explains Quantum Entanglement but also gives us a new way to look at forces.
He stated that Quantum Entanglement is in reality a form of interaction caused by exchange of particles like Pions, measons and photons. For example in case of electrons and positrons (anti-electrons) the interactions take place with the use photons. This also tells us how forces occur. A force is nothing but a result of these interactions.
Further more world renowned researcher and lecturer Richard Feynman invented diagrammatic method to show these interactions. They are called Feynman Diagrams and they deserve their own dedicated blog. Till then read other PHYSICS ISLAND blogs and keep thinking, stay infinitely curious and enjoy your life PIONS.
-Akshum Kapoor
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